by

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【词性】：prep．

【释义】：

❶ (表地点)在…一旁，靠近❷ (表原因)根据，按，由于❸ (表手段，方法)用，靠，通过❹ 被❺ (表时间)不迟于，到…目前为止❻ 在…手头，在…身边

cure medicines by drying them over a fire焙制药材

dysentery characterized by white mucous stool白痢

grasp sb．by the wrist抓住某人的手腕

The illness is caused by the wind-evil．此病为风邪所致。

I’ve got the medical book by me．我手头有这本医药书。

The operation will be finished by eight．手术定会在8点前做好。